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skills/gaming/minecraft-modpack-server/SKILL.md
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skills/gaming/minecraft-modpack-server/SKILL.md
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---
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name: minecraft-modpack-server
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description: Set up a modded Minecraft server from a CurseForge/Modrinth server pack zip. Covers NeoForge/Forge install, Java version, JVM tuning, firewall, LAN config, backups, and launch scripts.
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tags: [minecraft, gaming, server, neoforge, forge, modpack]
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---
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# Minecraft Modpack Server Setup
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## When to use
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- User wants to set up a modded Minecraft server from a server pack zip
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- User needs help with NeoForge/Forge server configuration
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- User asks about Minecraft server performance tuning or backups
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## Gather User Preferences First
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Before starting setup, ask the user for:
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- **Server name / MOTD** — what should it say in the server list?
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- **Seed** — specific seed or random?
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- **Difficulty** — peaceful / easy / normal / hard?
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- **Gamemode** — survival / creative / adventure?
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- **Online mode** — true (Mojang auth, legit accounts) or false (LAN/cracked friendly)?
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- **Player count** — how many players expected? (affects RAM & view distance tuning)
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- **RAM allocation** — or let agent decide based on mod count & available RAM?
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- **View distance / simulation distance** — or let agent pick based on player count & hardware?
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- **PvP** — on or off?
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- **Whitelist** — open server or whitelist only?
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- **Backups** — want automated backups? How often?
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Use sensible defaults if the user doesn't care, but always ask before generating the config.
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## Steps
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### 1. Download & Inspect the Pack
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```bash
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mkdir -p ~/minecraft-server
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cd ~/minecraft-server
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wget -O serverpack.zip "<URL>"
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unzip -o serverpack.zip -d server
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ls server/
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```
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Look for: `startserver.sh`, installer jar (neoforge/forge), `user_jvm_args.txt`, `mods/` folder.
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Check the script to determine: mod loader type, version, and required Java version.
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### 2. Install Java
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- Minecraft 1.21+ → Java 21: `sudo apt install openjdk-21-jre-headless`
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- Minecraft 1.18-1.20 → Java 17: `sudo apt install openjdk-17-jre-headless`
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- Minecraft 1.16 and below → Java 8: `sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre-headless`
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- Verify: `java -version`
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### 3. Install the Mod Loader
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Most server packs include an install script. Use the INSTALL_ONLY env var to install without launching:
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```bash
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cd ~/minecraft-server/server
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ATM10_INSTALL_ONLY=true bash startserver.sh
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# Or for generic Forge packs:
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# java -jar forge-*-installer.jar --installServer
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```
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This downloads libraries, patches the server jar, etc.
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### 4. Accept EULA
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```bash
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echo "eula=true" > ~/minecraft-server/server/eula.txt
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```
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### 5. Configure server.properties
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Key settings for modded/LAN:
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```properties
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motd=\u00a7b\u00a7lServer Name \u00a7r\u00a78| \u00a7aModpack Name
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server-port=25565
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online-mode=true # false for LAN without Mojang auth
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enforce-secure-profile=true # match online-mode
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difficulty=hard # most modpacks balance around hard
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allow-flight=true # REQUIRED for modded (flying mounts/items)
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spawn-protection=0 # let everyone build at spawn
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max-tick-time=180000 # modded needs longer tick timeout
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enable-command-block=true
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```
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Performance settings (scale to hardware):
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```properties
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# 2 players, beefy machine:
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view-distance=16
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simulation-distance=10
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# 4-6 players, moderate machine:
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view-distance=10
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simulation-distance=6
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# 8+ players or weaker hardware:
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view-distance=8
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simulation-distance=4
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```
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### 6. Tune JVM Args (user_jvm_args.txt)
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Scale RAM to player count and mod count. Rule of thumb for modded:
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- 100-200 mods: 6-12GB
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- 200-350+ mods: 12-24GB
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- Leave at least 8GB free for the OS/other tasks
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```
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-Xms12G
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-Xmx24G
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-XX:+UseG1GC
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-XX:+ParallelRefProcEnabled
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-XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200
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-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
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-XX:+DisableExplicitGC
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-XX:+AlwaysPreTouch
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-XX:G1NewSizePercent=30
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-XX:G1MaxNewSizePercent=40
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-XX:G1HeapRegionSize=8M
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-XX:G1ReservePercent=20
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-XX:G1HeapWastePercent=5
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-XX:G1MixedGCCountTarget=4
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-XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=15
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-XX:G1MixedGCLiveThresholdPercent=90
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-XX:G1RSetUpdatingPauseTimePercent=5
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-XX:SurvivorRatio=32
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-XX:+PerfDisableSharedMem
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-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=1
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```
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### 7. Open Firewall
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```bash
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sudo ufw allow 25565/tcp comment "Minecraft Server"
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```
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Check with: `sudo ufw status | grep 25565`
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### 8. Create Launch Script
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```bash
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cat > ~/start-minecraft.sh << 'EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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cd ~/minecraft-server/server
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java @user_jvm_args.txt @libraries/net/neoforged/neoforge/<VERSION>/unix_args.txt nogui
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EOF
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chmod +x ~/start-minecraft.sh
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```
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Note: For Forge (not NeoForge), the args file path differs. Check `startserver.sh` for the exact path.
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### 9. Set Up Automated Backups
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Create backup script:
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```bash
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cat > ~/minecraft-server/backup.sh << 'SCRIPT'
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#!/bin/bash
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SERVER_DIR="$HOME/minecraft-server/server"
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BACKUP_DIR="$HOME/minecraft-server/backups"
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WORLD_DIR="$SERVER_DIR/world"
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MAX_BACKUPS=24
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mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
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[ ! -d "$WORLD_DIR" ] && echo "[BACKUP] No world folder" && exit 0
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TIMESTAMP=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S)
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BACKUP_FILE="$BACKUP_DIR/world_${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz"
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echo "[BACKUP] Starting at $(date)"
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tar -czf "$BACKUP_FILE" -C "$SERVER_DIR" world
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SIZE=$(du -h "$BACKUP_FILE" | cut -f1)
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echo "[BACKUP] Saved: $BACKUP_FILE ($SIZE)"
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BACKUP_COUNT=$(ls -1t "$BACKUP_DIR"/world_*.tar.gz 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
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if [ "$BACKUP_COUNT" -gt "$MAX_BACKUPS" ]; then
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REMOVE=$((BACKUP_COUNT - MAX_BACKUPS))
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ls -1t "$BACKUP_DIR"/world_*.tar.gz | tail -n "$REMOVE" | xargs rm -f
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echo "[BACKUP] Pruned $REMOVE old backup(s)"
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fi
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echo "[BACKUP] Done at $(date)"
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SCRIPT
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chmod +x ~/minecraft-server/backup.sh
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```
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Add hourly cron:
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```bash
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(crontab -l 2>/dev/null | grep -v "minecraft/backup.sh"; echo "0 * * * * $HOME/minecraft-server/backup.sh >> $HOME/minecraft-server/backups/backup.log 2>&1") | crontab -
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```
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## Pitfalls
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- ALWAYS set `allow-flight=true` for modded — mods with jetpacks/flight will kick players otherwise
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- `max-tick-time=180000` or higher — modded servers often have long ticks during worldgen
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- First startup is SLOW (several minutes for big packs) — don't panic
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- "Can't keep up!" warnings on first launch are normal, settles after initial chunk gen
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- If online-mode=false, set enforce-secure-profile=false too or clients get rejected
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- The pack's startserver.sh often has an auto-restart loop — make a clean launch script without it
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- Delete the world/ folder to regenerate with a new seed
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- Some packs have env vars to control behavior (e.g., ATM10 uses ATM10_JAVA, ATM10_RESTART, ATM10_INSTALL_ONLY)
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## Verification
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- `pgrep -fa neoforge` or `pgrep -fa minecraft` to check if running
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- Check logs: `tail -f ~/minecraft-server/server/logs/latest.log`
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- Look for "Done (Xs)!" in the log = server is ready
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- Test connection: player adds server IP in Multiplayer
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